{"id":7079,"date":"2020-11-04T18:27:32","date_gmt":"2020-11-04T15:27:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mersinekonomipolitikagazetesi.com\/?p=7079"},"modified":"2020-11-04T18:27:32","modified_gmt":"2020-11-04T15:27:32","slug":"iklim-degisikligi-ile-mucadele-icin-kuresel-dayanisma-sart","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mersinekonomipolitikagazetesi.com\/?p=7079","title":{"rendered":"“\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in k\u00fcresel dayan\u0131\u015fma \u015fart”"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0Mu\u011fla S\u0131tk\u0131 Ko\u00e7man \u00dcniversitesi \u00c7evre Sorunlar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Uygulama Merkezi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Do\u00e7. Dr. Ahmet Demirak, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n durumunu olumsuz etkileyen en \u00f6nemli sebep oldu\u011funu vurgulayarak, ” \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in k\u00fcresel dayan\u0131\u015fmaya ihtiya\u00e7 var” dedi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 korona vir\u00fcs ( Covid-19) salg\u0131n\u0131 etkisi alt\u0131na al\u0131rken, su ve elektrik ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 bu s\u00fcrecin en \u00f6nemli konular\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Vir\u00fcsten korunman\u0131n en etkili yollar\u0131ndan biri olarak ellerin en az 20 saniye su ve sabunla y\u0131kanmas\u0131 g\u00f6sterilirken, evde kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u0131k el y\u0131kand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in su t\u00fcketiminin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi nedeniyle d\u00fcnyadaki su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n tehdit alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu, halen 2.2 milyar insan\u0131n temiz suya eri\u015fmekte zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya yeteri kadar temiz suya eri\u015fim sa\u011flayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, her 10 ki\u015fiden birinin temiz suya eri\u015fimi olmadan ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor.\u00a0
\nK\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n durumunu olumsuz etkileyen en \u00f6nemli sebep oldu\u011funu kaydeden Mu\u011fla S\u0131tk\u0131 Ko\u00e7man \u00dcniversitesi \u00c7evre Sorunlar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Uygulama Merkezi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Do\u00e7. Dr. Ahmet Demirak, gelecekte ya\u015fanabilecek tehlikeyi \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle dile getirdi; “D\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusu artmas\u0131 ile temiz suya ihtiyac\u0131 olan insan say\u0131s\u0131 da artacak. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler raporuna g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar 9.7 milyar ve 2100’e kadar 11 milyar seviyesine \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor. D\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki toplam suyun y\u00fczde 2.5\u2019luk oran\u0131n\u0131n tatl\u0131 sudan olu\u015ftu\u011fu, bunun da yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde 0.3\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn insan kullan\u0131m\u0131na elveri\u015fli sabit tatl\u0131 su kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, artan n\u00fcfus ve b\u00fcy\u00fcyen ekonomi ile beraber k\u00fcresel su k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha da belirgin hale gelecek. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, buzullar\u0131n erimesi gibi olaylar\u0131n sonucunda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n tatl\u0131 su rezervlerine zarar veren k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma devam eder ve \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilemez ise sabit olan tatl\u0131 su kaynaklar\u0131 olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkilenecek ve d\u00fcnyada su krizi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.\u201d\u00a0
\nSalg\u0131n gibi problemler \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil\u00a0
\nDemirak\u2019a g\u00f6re, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmadan kaynakl\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n artmas\u0131 ile buzullar eriyecek, deniz seviyesi y\u00fckselecek ve tuzlu sular\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fi ile yeralt\u0131 su ekosistemini bozulacak. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 buharla\u015fma, ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fkenli\u011fi ve seller gibi do\u011fal felaketlerin art\u0131\u015f\u0131 tatl\u0131 su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n daha fazla azalmas\u0131na neden olacak. Tatl\u0131 su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirme \u00e7abalar\u0131 ile kullan\u0131m\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki dengesizlik de su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimini zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Paneli\u2019inin (IPCC) raporuna g\u00f6re, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma mevcut oranlarla devam ederse, k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n 2030 ve 2052 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 1.5 derece artmas\u0131 bekleniyor. Bu durumda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak tabloyu ise Demirak \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor; \u201cS\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131, tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin verimlili\u011fi ve g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehdit olu\u015fturuyor. Yap\u0131lan bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n 1 derece artmas\u0131 ile k\u00fcresel bu\u011fday veriminde y\u00fczde 4-6\u2019l\u0131k bir azalma \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bir felaket habercisi olmak istemiyorum ama a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a s\u00f6ylemeliyim ki, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ekolojik dengesi bozuldu ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu do\u011fal afetlerin ve benzeri problemlerin yak\u0131n\u0131m\u0131zda olmas\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil.\u201d\u00a0
\n“Toplum ilkim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine haz\u0131r hale getirilmeli”\u00a0
\nDo\u00e7. Dr. Ahmet Demirak, su g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, g\u0131da arz ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi gibi \u00f6nemli alanlar\u0131 tehdit eden iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 etkili bir uyum stratejisi geli\u015ftirerek, toplumun iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine haz\u0131r hale getirilmesi gerekti\u011fini de vurgulad\u0131. Bilim adamlar\u0131, vatanda\u015flar, \u00e7ift\u00e7iler, toplumun her katman\u0131 ve politika yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n, mevcut bilimsel bilgilere dayanan yeni bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme ve \u00f6\u011frenme s\u00fcrecini ba\u015flatmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dikkat \u00e7eken Demirak, toplumun t\u00fcketim ve ula\u015f\u0131m gibi temel al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine uyumlu hale getirilmesinin \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.\u00a0
\nDemirak, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile m\u00fccadele \u00f6nerilerini ise \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralad\u0131; “Hala salg\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele ediyoruz. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde bu d\u00f6nemde her \u00fclke salg\u0131nla m\u00fccadele kapsam\u0131nda farkl\u0131 kararla ilerledi. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in ise k\u00fcresel dayan\u0131\u015fmaya ihtiya\u00e7 var. Ekonomik aktivitelerin azalmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u015fu anda sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131 ge\u00e7ici olarak azald\u0131. Muhtemelen bu y\u0131l 2019\u2019a g\u00f6re emisyonlarda ciddi bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f olacak. \u00c7ok uzak olmayan bir zamanda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n tekrar eski haline d\u00f6nebilece\u011fini umuyoruz. Bu da demek oluyor ki, emisyon miktar\u0131 da artacakt\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u015fimdiden haz\u0131rlanmak gerekiyor. \u0130klim dostu politikalardan \u00f6d\u00fcn verilmemeli. Yak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda emisyona yol a\u00e7arak k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 artt\u0131ran ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine sebep olan fosil yak\u0131tlar olabildi\u011fince azalt\u0131larak, yenilenebilir ve n\u00fckleer enerjiye yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131. Fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n yerine temiz enerji kaynaklar\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaz ise k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n devam edece\u011fini ve milyonlarca ailenin temiz su i\u00e7emedi\u011fi, yemek pi\u015firemedi\u011fi ve elini bile y\u0131kamayaca\u011f\u0131 durumlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131na s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131 fosil yak\u0131t kaynakl\u0131. Son y\u0131llarda Akkuyu N\u00fckleer Santrali projesinin ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yenilenebilir enerjiye yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar olumlu geli\u015fmeler. Bu hem d\u00fcnya ekosistemi i\u00e7in hem de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin milli menfaati i\u00e7in \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hedeflerine ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 2040 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar k\u00fcresel elektrik enerjisinin y\u00fczde 85\u2019inin temiz enerji kaynakl\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Ancak temiz enerjiye yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne bulunduruldu\u011funda bu orana yakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeni tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 zorunlu g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.\u201d\u00a0
\nT\u00fcrkiye su zengini de\u011fil\u00a0
\nD\u00fcnyada kullan\u0131labilir su oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 69.5\u2019i do\u011fada buzul halinde bulunuyor. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, d\u00fcnya asl\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilir su oran\u0131 \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan bir gezegen. Devlet Su \u0130\u015fleri (DS\u0130) istatistiklerine g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye de san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aksine su zengini bir \u00fclke de\u011fil. Ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen y\u0131ll\u0131k kullan\u0131labilir su miktar\u0131 bin 519 metrek\u00fcpl\u00fck oranla su azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fayan \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Y\u0131lda ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen kullan\u0131labilir su miktar\u0131 8-10 bin metrek\u00fcp olan \u00fclkeler su zengini, 2 bin metrek\u00fcpten az olanlar su azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7eken, bin metrek\u00fcpten az\u0131 da su fakiri \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda kabul ediliyor.\u00a0
\nT\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumu (T\u00dc\u0130K) 2030 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fclkenin n\u00fcfusunun 100 milyon olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Bu durumda 2030 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen kullan\u0131labilir su miktar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131lda bin 120 metrek\u00fcp civar\u0131nda olaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor. Mevcut b\u00fcy\u00fcme h\u0131z\u0131, su t\u00fcketim al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi gibi fakt\u00f6rlerin de su kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Uzmanlar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin gelecek nesillerine sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve yeterli su b\u0131rakabilmesi i\u00e7in kaynaklar\u0131n \u00e7ok iyi korunmas\u0131, ak\u0131lc\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile etkin m\u00fccadele gerekti\u011finde birle\u015fiyor.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0Mu\u011fla S\u0131tk\u0131 Ko\u00e7man \u00dcniversitesi \u00c7evre Sorunlar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Uygulama Merkezi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Do\u00e7. Dr. Ahmet Demirak, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n durumunu olumsuz etkileyen en \u00f6nemli sebep oldu\u011funu vurgulayarak, ” \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi … Devam\u0131n\u0131 Oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersinekonomipolitikagazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7079"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersinekonomipolitikagazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersinekonomipolitikagazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersinekonomipolitikagazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersinekonomipolitikagazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7079"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mersinekonomipolitikagazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7079\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersinekonomipolitikagazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersinekonomipolitikagazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersinekonomipolitikagazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}